May a person outside the minyan of ten answer Kaddish or Kedushah, and is an interposition of filth or idolatry an issue?

PrayerCommunal Prayer

Synopsis

The Mechaber rules that when ten are assembled, even those outside may answer. A second view holds that filth or idolatry between the responder and the congregation is an impediment.

Early Acharonim
Late Acharonim
Lenient
Strict
Lesser cited
Major authority

Discussion

Discussion coming soon.

The Daily Law

One question. Every opinion. Every morning.

A new halakhic question and the full spectrum of rabbinic thought, delivered daily.