Does a Jew who forgot to make an eruv and has a back opening to a karfef prohibit the mavoi, and does the size of the karfef matter?
Synopsis
Unlike for a non-Jew, a Jew without an eruv who has a back karfef follows opposite logic: a larger karfef (more than beit se'atayim, where carrying is prohibited) means he cannot truly prefer it, so he still prohibits the mavoi. A smaller karfef, where carrying is permitted, gives him a real preference for the rear, so he does not prohibit.
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Does a non-Jew who has a back opening (window or door) to a field or karfef prohibit carrying in the mavoi, even if he regularly uses the mavoi entrance?
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What minimum size must the beka or karfef behind the non-Jew's property be in order to exempt him from prohibiting the mavoi?
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Does the leniency for a non-Jew's rear opening apply when the karfef has no exit other than back through his house?
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Does a Jew's back karfef exempt him from prohibiting the mavoi if the karfef was enclosed for dwelling purposes (hukaf l'dirah)?
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Does the Shulchan Aruch's ruling about a 'window' (chalon) to the back apply equally to a full door (petach), and is the reverse also authoritative — that a full door is required and a window is insufficient?
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If a non-Jewish courtyard is situated between two Jewish courtyards in a mavoy, and the non-Jewish courtyard does not open into the mavoy and has no opening or window below ten tefachim to either Jewish courtyard — does the non-Jewish courtyard prohibit the Jewish courtyards from merging an eruv and using the mavoy?
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Can a courtyard (chatzer) that forgot to participate in the shituf of a mavoi (alleyway eruv) perform bitul reshut to the other residents of the mavoi, even though multiple people live in that courtyard?
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