Home / Scholars / R' Avraham Gombiner R' Avraham Gombiner Early Acharonim · ashkenazi · 1633–1683 CE (5393–5443)
1725 opinions492 topics
R' Avraham Gombiner (1633-1683) was a leading Ashkenazi halakhic authority and author of the Magen Avraham, a comprehensive gloss on the Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim. His work became one of the most influential commentaries in Jewish law, systematically addressing halakhic questions and offering both stringent and lenient interpretations. He served as rabbi of Kalisz, Poland, and his scholarship profoundly shaped Ashkenazi halakhic practice.
Works & Contributions (16) Authored the Magen Avraham, a foundational gloss on Shulchan Aruch Orach Chaim Bayit Chadash Binyamin Ze'ev, Siman 153 Biur Halacha (cited source) + 12 more Origin Slovakia Czechia Kalisz, Poland
1633–1683 CE (5393–5443)
Historical Context 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 1633-1683
Decisional Profile Opinions recorded by category
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Rulings (1725) All (1725) Activities After Shabba… (3) Adjusting the Candle on… (2) Afikoman (1) After Wine and Fruits (1) After-Blessings on Mezo… (4) Agriculture on Shabbat (10) Al HaMichyah (2) Aliyah Priority and Honor (2) All Actions for the Sak… (2) Alleyway Entrance Shapes (7) Animals on Shabbat (13) Anointing on Shabbat (7) Aseret Yemei Teshuvah P… (1) Asher Yatzar After Bodi… (1) Ashrei and U'Va L'Tzion (2) Assisting Childbirth on… (1) Avinu Malkeinu on Yom K… (2) Baking and Cooking Meth… (1) Bandaging and Wound Car… (4) Baruch She'amar and Its… (3) Bathing Before Shabbat (5) Bathing and Immersion B… (6) Bathing and Washing on … (6) Bathing on Yom Tov (3) Bathroom Conduct and As… (4) Bathroom Prayers and Bl… (2) Bedtime Shema (1) Birchot Kriat Shema Det… (5) Birchot Kriat Shema Wit… (3) Birkat HaGomel (8) Birkat HaMazon Additions (4) Birkat HaMazon Obligati… (1) Birkat HaMazon Over Wine (5) Birkat HaMazon Text (2) Birkat HaMazon — Furthe… (1) Birkat Kohanim Outside … (4) Birkat Kohanim Restrict… (1) Birkat Kohanim — Detail… (3) Blessing on Fragrance (2) Blessing on New Clothes (4) Blessing on Seasonal Fr… (5) Blessing on Water and O… (3) Blessings After Shema (2) Blessings Before Shema (4) Blessings Over Spice In… (3) Blessings for Bodily Ne… (6) Blessings for Scents an… (1) Blessings on Bread-Like… (4) Blessings on Drinks (5) Blessings on Fragrances… (2) Blessings on Fruits (7) Blessings on Haftarah (4) Blessings on Multi-Ingr… (5) Blessings on Natural Ph… (4) Blessings on Natural Wo… (4) Blessings on News (3) Blessings on Processed … (4) Blessings on Snacks and… (3) Blessings on Special Si… (5) Blessings on Torah Study (7) Blessings on Trees in B… (1) Blessings on Vegetables (10) Bodily Needs During Pra… (5) Bowing During Prayer (2) Bread Cooked or Fried (3) Bread Prepared by Non-J… (2) Bread and Meal Boundaries (2) Building Structures on … (1) Building a Home Blessing (1) Building and Demolishing (7) Building the Sukkah (2) Burning Chametz (6) Business Activities Bef… (7) Buying and Selling on C… (1) Calculating Eruv Techumin (4) Candle Lighting (10) Candle Lighting and Tos… (7) Caring for Children on … (3) Caring for the Non-Crit… (2) Carrying from One Domai… (2) Carrying in Alleyways (… (1) Carrying on Yom Tov (1) Chametz After Pesach (2) Chametz Mixtures (6) Chametz-Tainted Utensils (2) Changing Location Durin… (3) Childbirth on Shabbat (9) Chol HaMoed (1) Chol HaMoed Grooming Re… (1) Chol HaMoed Work Permis… (4) Circumcision Blessing a… (4) Circumcision Instrument… (3) Circumcision Procedure … (4) Circumcision Timing and… (1) Circumcision for Conver… (2) Circumcision on Shabbat (2) City Limits for Shabbat… (3) Clothing on Shabbat (3) Communal Fast Obligations (4) Communal Fasts (1) Community Torah Scroll … (3) Concentration During Sh… (1) Concluding Repetition a… (1) Conditional Eruv Techumin (2) Conditions for Selling … (2) Conduct During Meals (2) Conduct During Torah Re… (1) Conduct While Wearing T… (5) Conduct in a Synagogue (8) Converting Tefillin and… (6) Cooking on Shabbat (5) Cooking on Yom Tov (2) Covering the Head and C… (3) Cross-Beam Construction… (2) Davening While Traveling (4) Defective Torah Scrolls… (1) Delayed Circumcision an… (5) Desecrating Shabbat for… (3) Direction of Prayer (2) Distance Measurements f… (1) Doubtful Blessings (3) Drinking During a Meal (4) Drunkenness and Prayer (5) Drying Hands After Wash… (2) Duration and Scope of B… (6) Dyeing on Shabbat (1) Eating Before Shabbat (8) Eating Matzah Before Pe… (1) Eating the Etrog After … (2) Ein Keloheinu and Kaddi… (4) Emergency Beyond Shabba… (1) Emet V'Yatziv After Shema (3) Erasing on Shabbat (1) Erev Rosh Hashanah Cust… (1) Erev Shabbat Candle Lig… (3) Erev Yom Kippur (6) Erev Yom Kippur Meal an… (1) Errors in Birkat HaMazon (1) Errors in Shabbat Amidah (6) Errors in Shemoneh Esrei (1) Errors in Torah Reading (3) Eruv Chatzeirot Contrib… (3) Eruv Chatzeirot — Court… (4) Eruv Materials and Coll… (3) Eruv Placement Location (3) Eruv Requirements for C… (4) Eruv Tavshilin Procedure (3) Eruv Techumin Food Requ… (2) Eruv Techumin Using an … (1) Eruv Techumin from the … (2) Eruv Techumin — Shabbat… (3) Eruv Using a Dwelling (3) Eruv and Carrying (14) Eruv for Connected Buil… (3) Eruv with Non-Jews in C… (2) Extended Kedushah Pract… (2) Extinguishing Fire on Y… (2) Extinguishing a Fire on… (1) Eye Pain and Minor Ailm… (3) Fast Day Customs and Co… (1) Fast Day Prayers (2) Fast Days (1) Fast of the Firstborn (1) Fasting on Rosh Chodesh… (2) Feeding Animals on Shab… (3) Finding Chametz on Pesach (9) Flour and Matzah (13) Forgot Eruv — Bitul Res… (4) Foul Odors During Prayer (3) Gardens and Open Spaces… (4) Garment Size Requiring … (2) Gebrokts — Matzah in Li… (4) General Rules of Brachot (4) Grinding Spices on Yom … (1) Grinding and Cutting Food (7) Guarding Matzah from Le… (1) HaNerot Halalu (1) Haftarah (4) Haircuts on Chol HaMoed (7) Hallel on Rosh Chodesh (1) Hallel on Sukkot (5) Hand Washing and Water … (4) Handling Corpses on Sha… (2) Handling Multiple Sacre… (4) Handling Stones and Raw… (8) Hanukkah Candle Materials (1) Hanukkah — Origins (2) Harvesting on Shabbat (4) Hatmanah — Insulating L… (1) Havdalah (5) Havdalah on Motzei Yom … (5) Havdalah — Fire and Spi… (1) Havdalah — Time and Con… (3) Holiday and Fast Additi… (1) Honoring and Enjoying S… (6) Hoshanot (1) How Many Candles (1) How to Put On Tefillin (6) How to Read Megillah (3) How to Tie Tzitzit (1) Ill Person on Yom Kippur (1) Individual Additions to… (4) Insertions in Birkat Ha… (1) Instructing a Non-Jew (… (7) Insulating Food (Hatman… (10) Insulating with Heat-Ge… (1) Intent During Shema (5) Intent and Pronunciatio… (2) Interruptions During Sh… (4) Interruptions in Blessi… (5) Interruptions in Second… (3) Items Exempt from Bless… (3) Items That Become Muktzeh (6) Kaddish (2) Kaddish Laws and Respon… (4) Kashering Vessels for P… (3) Kavvanah in Prayer (5) Kiddush Before the Meal (6) Kiddush Wine Disqualifi… (4) Kiddush on Beverages Ot… (5) Kiddush on Friday Night (8) Kiddush — Where and When (8) Kiddush — Wine Selection (5) Killing Insects on Shab… (9) Kneading on Shabbat (8) Kol Nidre and Yom Kippu… (1) Korech — Sandwich (5) Lag BaOmer Customs (1) Last Days of Pesach (1) Laundering on Shabbat (9) Laws of Mezuzah (2) Laws of Reciting Shema (6) Laws of Shavuot (8) Laws of Shofar Blowing (9) Laws of Tzitzit (4) Laws of the Seder Night (11) Leather Shoes on Yom Ki… (1) Leaving Food on the Fir… (5) Leaving the Table Durin… (1) Lechem Mishneh — Two Lo… (4) Lechi and Korah for All… (3) Lifting the Torah (Hagb… (3) Maariv (2) Maftir Aliyah Laws (3) Marital Relations (13) Marital Relations on Yo… (3) Maror (10) Mashiv HaRuach — Wind a… (5) Matanot LaEvyonim (3) Materials for Tzitzit (4) Matzah Regulations (4) Matzah Thickness and Sh… (2) Mayim Acharonim — Final… (2) Measuring Shabbat Bound… (2) Medical Remedies on Sha… (2) Medical Treatment on Sh… (9) Medicine and Non-Food C… (1) Melaveh Malkah Meal (7) Milking on Yom Tov (3) Minchah (2) Minchah and Maariv Timing (5) Minimum Length for Vali… (4) Minimum Requirements fo… (2) Missed Prayers (3) Modim and Responsive Pr… (5) Morning Blessings (5) Motzei Shabbat Activities (2) Mourning on Chol HaMoed (6) Moving Muktzeh for Its … (3) Muktzeh (2) Muktzeh Categories and … (8) Multiple Openings in an… (2) Musaf Prayer (3) Musaf on Yom Tov (1) Non-Jew Operating Equip… (4) Non-Jew Performing Work… (8) Non-Jew's Work for a Je… (1) Non-Jew's Work on Yom Tov (3) Not Passing Before Some… (2) Nullification of Chametz (8) Omer Mourning Practices (3) One Who Cannot Concentr… (4) Open Alleyway Configura… (3) Opening a Pot on Shabbat (1) Order of Foods (1) Order of Multiple Bless… (3) Order of the Seder (18) Passing Objects Between… (5) Pausing and Timing in S… (2) Personal Grooming for S… (8) Personal vs. Garment Ob… (3) Pesukei D'Zimra (8) Placement and Number of… (5) Post-Circumcision Care … (7) Posture During Shema (2) Prayer Additions During… (5) Prayer Near Bodily Odors (3) Prayer Near Covered Waste (4) Prayer Near Gentile Wor… (6) Prayer Near Urine and F… (3) Prayer and Exposed Skin (4) Praying Near Waste (6) Praying with Proper Att… (6) Pregnant/Nursing on Yom… (3) Preparing Eruv Techumin… (1) Preparing for Prayer (5) Preparing for Shabbat (5) Priestly Blessing (9) Prohibited Activities B… (3) Prohibited Uses of Cham… (3) Proper Pronunciation of… (3) Purchasing Tzitzit from… (2) Purim Feast Details (5) Purim — Reading Megillah (2) Rain Fasts (2) Rain Prayers (2) Rain Request (V'Ten Tal… (2) Reading by Candlelight (2) Reading by Candlelight … (6) Reciting Shema While Im… (3) Reciting Shema in Impur… (4) Relations and Modesty (9) Removing Tefillin and S… (2) Renouncing Domain Right… (2) Renting Rights from a N… (1) Repetition of Amidah (5) Rescuing from Danger on… (1) Reshut HaRabbim — Publi… (2) Respecting Sacred Texts (3) Responding Amen During … (1) Responding During Shema… (3) Responding to Dvarim Sh… (3) Resting Place Determine… (1) Returning Food to Fire … (6) Rising in the Morning (5) Rooftops and Enclosures… (2) Rosh Chodesh (4) Rosh Chodesh Prayers (2) Rosh Chodesh Tevet on H… (1) Rosh Hashanah Customs —… (9) Rosh Hashanah Morning P… (1) Salt and Table Customs (5) Salting and Pickling on… (8) Sandek and Circumcision… (5) Searching for Chametz (7) Selecting the Correct B… (4) Selichot Order and Stru… (1) Selling Synagogue Prope… (5) Seminal Emission and Pr… (5) Separating and Selectin… (2) Seudah Shlishit — Third… (4) Seudat Purim (1) Shabbat Amidah — Additi… (2) Shabbat Candle Materials (3) Shabbat Shemoneh Esrei (4) Shabbat Travelers and E… (3) Shaliach Tzibbur — Pray… (5) Shehakol — Catch-All Bl… (5) Shehecheyanu (4) Shema Near Animal Waste (1) Shema Near Sources of I… (3) Shema at Night (1) Shema at Night and Its … (5) Shema with Uncovered Hair (3) Shemini Atzeret / Simch… (5) Ships and Boats on Shab… (2) Shitufei Mevo'ot — Alle… (1) Shofar During Mussaf (1) Shofar Sound Requirements (2) Shortened Prayer While … (4) Shushan Purim (1) Side Beam Placement Rules (3) Sifting Flour on Yom Tov (1) Sifting and Straining (5) Slaughtering on Yom Tov (1) Sleep and Dreams (2) Smoking and Incense on … (1) Special Fast Days Calen… (2) Squeezing and Juicing (6) Starch and Adhesives on… (2) Study Hall Sanctity (1) Sukkah Height Requireme… (2) Sukkah in the Rain (1) Sukkot Readings and Pra… (2) Swimming and Water Acti… (3) Synagogue Property Use … (3) Synagogue Sanctity (4) Ta'anit Bechorot — Fast… (1) Table Conduct (2) Tachanun (3) Tachanun — Omission and… (4) Talking During a Meal (4) Tallit Katan (4) Tanning and Smoothing o… (3) Tasting Without Eating (4) Tearing and Cutting on … (3) Tefillin Obligation and… (3) Tefillin Scribe Qualifi… (4) Tefillin Storage and Ma… (3) Tefillin of Rabbeinu Tam (5) Tefillin on Chol HaMoed (4) The Four Species — Lulav (3) Things That Invalidate … (3) Thirteen Attributes of … (1) Three Weeks Mourning Pr… (1) Times for Maariv (3) Times for Minchah (3) Times for Shacharit (8) Timing of Morning Shema (4) Tisha B'Av Prohibitions (1) Tisha B'Av — Additional… (4) Torah Reading (Monday/T… (7) Torah Reading Aliyot (4) Torah Reading Errors an… (1) Torah Reading for Shabb… (1) Torah Reading on Shabba… (3) Torah Scroll Sanctity a… (3) Torah Study Obligations (4) Town Boundaries for Eru… (3) Trade on Chol HaMoed (7) Transferring and Repair… (1) Trapping and Hunting on… (1) Trapping on Shabbat (9) Two-Day Yom Tov Restric… (2) Tying and Untying on Sh… (3) Tzitzit in Cemeteries (2) Uncertain Blessings (7) Used or Worn Out Tzitzit (2) Using Hanukkah Candle L… (2) Using Vessels on Shabbat (5) Valid Cross-Beam Materi… (1) Valid and Invalid Sukka… (1) Vows and Oaths (4) Waiting Between Prayer … (2) Walking and Exercising … (10) Walls and Partitions fo… (1) Washing Hands Upon Waking (6) Washing Hands for Bread (4) Washing Vessels and Wat… (3) Washing for Dipped Foods (1) Wearing One Tefilla (1) Wearing Tefillin with H… (1) Weekday Prayer Variations (1) What Invalidates Tefillin (4) Wheat and Grain Near Wa… (1) When Shabbat Begins (4) When Shabbat Falls on E… (6) When to Don Tallit (3) When to Put On Tefillin (5) When to Read Megillah (1) When to Remove Tefillin (3) When to Stop Eating Cha… (2) When to Wear Tzitzit (4) When to Wear and Bless … (3) Where to Bentch (2) Where to Place Hanukkah… (1) Who Counts for Zimmun (3) Who Desecrates Shabbat … (5) Who Is Exempt from Fast… (2) Who Is Obligated in Meg… (4) Who Is Obligated in Tzi… (3) Who Lights Hanukkah Can… (5) Who May Place Eruv Tech… (3) Who Must Recite Kiddush (3) Who Must Wash (3) Who Must Wash Hands for… (3) Who Recites HaGomel (3) Windows and Doorways Be… (5) Windows and Rooftops in… (3) Women and Birkat HaMazon (2) Women and Kiddush (2) Work Forbidden After Ca… (7) Work Restrictions on Er… (5) Work and Study on Tisha… (1) Work on Yom Tov (1) Writing on Chol HaMoed (1) Writing on Shabbat (12) Ya'aleh V'Yavo (1) Ya'aleh V'Yavo on Rosh … (2) Yahrzeit and Mourning F… (1) Yom Kippur Evening Pray… (1) Yom Kippur Fasting Dura… (1) Yom Kippur Prohibitions (4) Yom Tov Adjacent to Sha… (2) Yom Tov Candle Lighting (2) Yom Tov Kiddush (2) Yom Tov — General Princ… (1) Zimmun (4) Zimmun and Joining Groups (5) Zimmun of Ten (3) Zimmun with Bread vs. W… (1) Zimmun — Joining and Sp… (2)
Rising in the Morn… Is one obligated to pray at specific times when the angels change their watches (guardian shifts)?
The kabbalists elaborate greatly on midnight (chatzot). The proper time for seeking mercy on behalf …
Rising in the Morn… Should one recite the passage of the Binding of Isaac, the manna passage, the Ten Commandments, and the sacrifice passages in the morning?
It is not enough merely to recite the passage of the Binding; one must understand and explain it, re…
Rising in the Morn… When may one recite the passages of the sacrifices (Korbanot)?
The passages of the basin and ash removal may be said before daylight (because these services occurr…
Rising in the Morn… Should one recite 'May it be Your will' (Yehi Ratzon) after reading the passages of voluntary sacrifices?
In the name of Maharsh'al, one may recite Yehi Ratzon even after sin and guilt offerings, but using …
Rising in the Morn… Should one recite the passages of the basin, ash removal, daily offering, and spice offering in the morning?
After the daily offering should come the incense offering, because the incense was offered after the…
How to Tie Tzitzit Is a garment with more than four corners obligated in tzitzit?
There are those who exempt a five-cornered garment (יש פוטרין)
Kavvanah in Prayer Must one articulate the words of prayer with one's lips, or can one pray silently in one's heart?
One who prayed only in the heart (hirhur) has not fulfilled the obligation of prayer. Although praye…
Kavvanah in Prayer What is the proper voice level for reciting the Amidah — should one hear one's own voice?
There is no proof from the Zohar that one should not hear one's own voice. The Zohar's intent is tha…
Kavvanah in Prayer On Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, may one pray the Amidah aloud even in a congregation?
According to the Zohar's reasoning, it would be forbidden to raise one's voice even on Rosh Hashanah…
Kavvanah in Prayer May one pray the Amidah in a language other than Hebrew?
The Sefer Chassidim writes that it is better to pray in a language one understands if one does not u…
Kavvanah in Prayer May one pray the Amidah in a language other than Hebrew?
The angels understand all languages; they simply do not attend to Aramaic because it is degraded in …
Not Passing Before… Is one permitted to sit within four cubits if engaged in Torah study not related to prayer?
Torah study is permitted to sit next to the praying person only if one actually pronounces the words…
Not Passing Before… Are there any mystical or kabbalistic sources that modify the standard halakhic rules?
In the Zohar, Chayey Sarah (page 313), it states that on any side is prohibited to pass within four …
Bodily Needs Durin… If one passes gas during prayer and the smell lingers, where does one resume prayer after the smell dissipates?
One resumes from the point of interruption, even if one delayed after the smell dissipated, because …
Bodily Needs Durin… If one urgently needs to pass gas during prayer and cannot hold back, must one walk backward four cubits before doing so?
When in a congregation, one does not retreat; since one is not retreating, the 'Master of the World'…
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